Grammar Info

N5 Lesson 1: 8/12

の

Indicates possession

(A) の (B) = (B) belongs to, or is a quality of (A)

Structure

Noun (A) + の + Noun (B)

Details

  • Part of Speech

    Particle

  • Word Type

    Case Marking Particle

  • Register

    Standard

  • 品詞

    助詞

  • 単語の種類

    格助詞

  • 使用域

    一般

About の

From the perspective of English, の has several different meanings. It can indicate possession, like putting (A)'s on the end of a word. In Japanese, however, the meaning is a bit broader, and shows that (B) is an attribute/possession of (A).

In the first sentence, we can see that の is showing ownership, however in the second sentence, it is simply showing a relationship between (A) and (B).

の is also often used in the same way as が, to highlight the subject of a statement.

Caution

の is usually used after nouns, but can also be used after other types of words, specifically when it is transforming them into a noun-like phrase. This is called nominalization in English. We will cover this in detail in the の - Nominalization grammar point.

Examples

  • あれは私(わたし)のペンです。

    That over there is my pen.

  • これも私(わたし)のペンです。

    This is also my pen.

  • これは私(わたし)の猫(ねこ)です。

    This is my cat.

  • 先生(せんせい)の傘(かさ)です。

    (It) is the teacher's umbrella.

  • あなたの名前(なまえ)は？

    Your name is?

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の – Grammar Discussion

Most Recent Replies (5 in total)

  • Anthropos888

    Anthropos888

    Interesting, thanks for the explanations. Good to know that it’s relatively free to use の or not in compounds.

  • Samraku

    Samraku

    I don’t remember where I first saw this (I’m pretty sure I didn’t come up with it myself, as I vaguely remember reading something to the effect a few years ago?), but doesn’t の act pretty much identically in most cases to the bang notation for characters in fandoms (eg. dark!Harry, post-HBP!Snape, Time-Turned!Alt-Universe!Hermione, hpmor!Quirrel, rational!Harry, &c.)?

  • mrnoone

    mrnoone

    Hey and sorry for the late answer

    That’s a really good point! It works very like that.

    To be more precise, it lets the preceding noun modify the following noun, expressing some kind of relation between them. In many cases, the first noun works very similarly to an adjective or possesive s.

    So there are cases when it will express possession like in アイコのペン (Aiko’s pen), property of something ナイロンのドレス (nylon dress), kind of something チワワの子犬 (chihuahua puppy). Can also express location, subject of something, etc.

    The bolded ones are the closest to ! function in my opinion.

    Cheers!

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